How clean is your knife?
Thursday, 02.11.2010, 01:30pm (GMT+3)
A new fast-acting
disinfectant that is effective against bacteria, viruses, fungi and
prions could help to reduce the spread of deadly infections in
hospitals, according to research published in the February issue of
Journal of General Virology. Researchers from the Robert Koch Institute
in Berlin, Germany have optimised a rapid-acting, practical formula for
disinfecting surgical instruments. The treatment works against a wide
range of pathogens, including those that tolerate ordinary
disinfectants, such as the bacterium Mycobacterium avium that causes a
tuberculosis-type illness in immunocompromised individuals and
enteroviruses that may cause polio. In previous studies the team had
identified a simple alkaline detergent formulation that was effective at
eradicating prions from the surfaces of surgical instruments. Prions
are misfolded proteins that cause BSE in cattle and CJD in humans. They
are a particular problem to eliminate because they are very resistant to
inactivation and can even become 'fixed' on surfaces by some
conventional disinfectants.
In their new study, the researchers mixed the original alkaline
detergent formulation with varying amounts of alcohol and tested its
ability to rid surgical instruments of bacteria, viruses and fungi in
addition to prions. They found that the original mixture made in 20%
propanol was optimal for disinfecting instruments without fixing
proteins to their surfaces. Disinfectants are the first line of defence
against the spread of hospital-acquired infections and effective
treatment of surgical instruments is vital. Prion expert Dr. Michael
Beekes who led the research, together with Prof. Martin Mielke from the
hygiene department of the Robert Koch Institute, explained the
difficulties of finding a suitable disinfectant. "Eliminating a broad
range of pathogens with one formula is not easy. Some micro-organisms
such as mycobacteria, poliovirus, fungal spores and not least prions are
particularly resistant to inactivation. Prions are also known for their
ability to stick to rough surfaces. In addition it's a real challenge
to disinfect complex instruments used in neurosurgery for example
because they are heat-sensitive."
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